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Research methods in complementary and alternative medicine: an integrative review

Abstract

The scientific literature presents a minor amount of evidence in the use of complementary and culling medicine (CAM). On the other mitt, in practice, relevant results are mutual. The debates among CAM practitioners most the quality and execution of scientific enquiry are important. Therefore, the aim of this review is to get together, synthesize and depict the differentiated methodological models that encompass the complexity of therapeutic interventions. The process of bringing evidence-based medicine into clinical exercise in CAM is essential for the growth and strengthening of complementary medicines worldwide.

Introduction

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) encompasses several millennia of therapeutic systems such as Ayurvedic medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as well as contemporary systems like anthroposophical medicine, naturopathic medicine, chiropractic medicine and homeopathy. CAM is ordinarily associated with specific medical systems that include a grade of diagnosis and a treatment within their own specific rationale [1]. These medical systems hold an individualized and essentially not reductionist approach in both diagnosis and in treatment; this is exemplified in a complex nonlinear intervention that operates both in independent and in interdependent forms [2], [3], [four], [5], [six], [7].

In the year 2000, with the emergence of evidence-based medicine (EBM), which states that clinical practice should follow an cess of the all-time evidence possible, the need for scientific information in the wellness field has increased [eight]. This movement generated debate among CAM practitioners, as the complexity of the interventions leads to difficulty in collecting standardized data [9], [10]. This issue was shared among professionals and researchers who concluded that inquiry into these systems was necessary [11].

Alternative methods in the field of clinical research in health were sought, and some differentiated methodological directives were divers, such as whole systems enquiry (WSR) [12] and nonlinear dynamics system (NLDS) [13]. Under these directives, the researchers investigate not merely the chain of interactions but also systems dynamics, focusing on alter and/or movement in patterns [14] and verifying that in nonlinear systems the macroscopic level has a perspective that derives from multidimensional interactions [15].

Thus, it must be stressed that although conventional research methods have their function and are very well established, the WSR needs further attention. This integrative review of the literature allowed for systematic data drove with the goal of improving the agreement of WSR and like methodologic models.

Section snippets

Methods

Structured integrative review of the literature [sixteen] was carried out between June 2015 and July 2016. This research aimed at gathering, describing and synthesizing the differentiated methodological models in the CAM field. 3 information bases were used: PubMed, Lilacs and Embase, along with the indexing tool of Academic Google, and articles in English, Spanish, German and Portuguese were included. The search strategy displayed relevant manufactures published between 1986 and 2016 (upward to July 2016).

Results

The literature survey initially identified 2588 documents. After applying eligibility criteria analysis 101 documents were included in the qualitative synthesis (Fig. ane).

Two categories of publications, written report designs and result assay systems were found [12], [xiii], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [nineteen], [twenty], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [thirty], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [forty], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52]

Discussion

An increase in the search for CAM therapies and the emergence of EBM have boosted research in this area, since in that location is a need for more evaluation and substantiation of these handling systems both for patients and for practitioners. In addition, as national health systems are showing interest in offering this type of care, the need for inquiry is even more nowadays.

It is not easy to produce evidence in CAM therapies that meets the standards of RCTs; the initial difficulties lie in their

Conflicts of interests

The authors accept no conflict of interests.

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Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095496417300109